Bob Carpenter (bc10+@andrew.cmu.edu)
Wed, 11 Oct 1995 21:08:54 -0400 (EDT)
I've just completed the final manuscript for the following textbook/monograph, which presents a rigorous, fragment-based, type-logical (aka categorial) approach to natural language semantics. Bob Carpenter (in press) Lectures on Type-Logical Semantics. MIT Press. I'll append contents, WWW, and ftp-ing instructions below. If you consider this a shameful waste of bandwidth, don't hesitate to let me know (I'm posting not only to the CG group, but also to the HPSG group, because the semantic approach I take is fully compatible with HPSG, and because I think it'd be an interesting project to see someone take categorial semantics and port it to HPSG -- if I had another life, I'd do it myself). The final manuscript has just been shipped off to MIT Press, with whom I have a contract for the book. They want to make sure I haven't done anything too outrageous in the two years between getting the contract on the basis of a 200 page draft and finishing the 560 page book. My editor at MIT Press tells me that I will have approximately two months from now before they get final reviews back (of course, that'll probably depend on members of this list, who'll certainly be tagged as reviewers -- sorry, they asked for suggestions). Thus any *corrections* I get before that time can be incorporated into the final version. I'd be glad to hear any other suggestions, but I can't promise anything more than corrections. I also plan to make the Prolog type-logical grammar parser and English grammar that I used to do all of the derivations available. I will announce it on this list when it's in shape for other people to use. Information and links for downloading via ftp are available on the WWW: http://macduff.andrew.cmu.edu/books/tls/ The book can be dowloaded in one piece (970Kb), or in six 100 page sections (220Kb each). The ftp directory is: ftp://macduff.andrew.cmu.edu/pub/tls/ The ftp setup at CMU won't let you list directories and click on files using a WWW browser, so you'll have to grab the files directly through my web page or get them the old-fashioned way via terminal-based anonymous ftp. The table of contents is appended below. Thanks, - Bob Carpenter (carp+@cmu.edu) Table of Contents of "Lectures on Type-Logical Semantics" Contents i Preface xi Acknowledgements xvi Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Truth and Reference 1 1.2 Topics in Semantics 10 1.3 Topics in Pragmatics 22 1.4 Methodology 29 Exercises 34 Chapter 2 Simply Typed Lambda Calculus 36 2.1 Simple Types 38 2.2 Lambda-Terms 40 2.3 Functional Models 43 2.4 Proof Theory for Simply Typed Lambda Calculus 47 2.5 Combinators and Variable-Free Logic 58 2.6 Products 62 2.7 Sums 66 Exercises 68 Chapter 3 Higher-Order Logic 70 3.1 Higher-Order Syntax 70 3.2 Higher-Order Models 72 3.3 Quantifiers in Natural Language 78 3.4 Negative Polarity Items 86 3.5 Definite Descriptions 88 3.6 Proof Theory for Higher-Order Logic 93 Exercises 96 Chapter 4 Applicative Categorial Grammar 102 4.1 Category System 103 4.2 Semantic Domains 104 4.3 Categorial Lexicons 105 4.4 Phrase Structure 106 4.5 A Categorial Lexicon 109 4.6 Tree Admissibility 111 4.7 Ambiguity, Vagueness, and Meaning Postulates 116 Exercises 126 Chapter 5 The Lambek Calculus 129 5.1 Lambek's Sequent Calculus 130 5.2 Natural Deduction Lambek Calculus 142 5.3 Products 151 5.4 Categorial Grammar as Logic 155 Exercises 160 Chapter 6 Coordination and Unbounded Dependencies 163 6.1 Coordination 163 6.2 Conjunctive and Disjunctive Categories 172 6.3 Unbounded Dependency Constructions 183 Exercises 193 Chapter 7 Quantifiers and Scope 197 7.1 Quantifying In 198 7.2 Cooper Storage 199 7.3 Scoping Constructor 203 7.4 Type Raising and Quantifier Coordination 211 7.5 Embedded Quantifiers 214 7.6 Quantifiers and Coordinate Structures 223 7.7 Quantification and Negation 226 7.8 Quantification and Definite Descriptions 230 7.9 Possessives 233 7.10 Indefinites 237 7.11 Generics 241 7.12 Comparatives 245 7.13 Expletives and the Unit Type 264 Exercises 269 Chapter 8 Plurals 277 8.1 An Ontology of Groups 277 8.2 A Plural Grammar 281 8.3 Distributors and Collectors 287 8.4 Coordination, Negation, and Argument Lowering 291 8.5 Adverbial Distribution 296 8.6 Plural Quantification 298 8.7 Partitives and Pseudopartitives 303 8.8 Non-Boolean Coordination 307 8.9 Comitative Complements 310 8.10 Mass Terms 312 Exercises 318 Chapter 9 Pronouns and Dependency 324 9.1 Pronouns and Reflexives 324 9.2 Pronouns and Agreement 327 9.3 Pronouns as Variables 329 9.4 Ellipsis and Sloppy Anaphora 332 9.5 A Quantificational Approach to Reflexives 333 9.6 Plural Pronouns 338 9.7 Reciprocals and Generalized Quantification 341 9.8 Pied Piping 350 9.9 Interrogatives 354 Exercises 359 Chapter 10 Modal Logic 364 10.1 Modes of Truth 364 10.2 S5: A Modal Logic of Necessity 367 10.3 Indexicality 375 10.4 General Modal Logics 375 10.5 Strict Implication and Counterfactuals 380 10.6 First-Order Tense Logics 384 10.7 Tense Logic and Natural Language 393 10.8 Temporal Period Structures 396 10.9 Higher-Order Modal Logic 404 Exercises 406 Chapter 11 Intensionality 411 11.1 An Intensional Grammar 411 11.2 Individual Concepts and Quantificational Definites 432 11.3 Lexical Relations 439 11.4 Alternatives to Possible Worlds 443 Exercises 452 Chapter 12 Tense and Aspect 460 12.1 Reichenbach's Approach to Simple and Perfect Tenses 460 12.2 Tense and Discourse 461 12.3 Vendler's Verb Classes 463 12.4 A Semantic Approach to Aspect 466 12.5 A Grammar of Tense and Aspect 467 Exercises 485 Appendix A Mathematical Preliminaries 490 A.1 Set Theory 490 A.2 Functions and Relations 492 A.3 Orderings, Well Orderings, and Lattices 496 A.4 Proof by Induction 498 A.5 Formal Languages 500 A.6 Trees 501 A.7 First-Order Logic 503 A.8 Algebras and Equality 510 Bibliography 516 Index 548
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